"THE BOOK OF JOB"
Prologue - Job Is Tested (1-2)
OBJECTIVES IN STUDYING THIS SECTION
1) To see the stage set for the "great controversy" that will occur
between Job and his friends
2) To consider the challenge that Satan made concerning Job; would God
have as much confidence in our faithfulness?
3) To appreciate the integrity of Job in the midst of his great
suffering
SUMMARY
The first two chapters set the stage for the great controversy that
will take place between Job and his friends, which is precipitated by a
controversy between God and Satan. We are first introduced to Job in
the land of Uz (likely Edom, SE of the Dead Sea, cf. Jer 25:20-21; Lam
4:21). A man of remarkable character, he was blessed with a large
family and many possessions. As an example of his piety, mention is
made of his sacrifices in behalf of his children (1:1-5).
We then learn of the controversy between God and Satan concerning Job.
On an occasion when Satan came before the Lord, God asked him whether
he had considered His faithful servant, Job. Satan responded with an
attack on Job's character, that his fear of God was only because God
blessed him. Satan then said that Job would curse God if everything he
had was taken away. In response, God put all that Job had in Satan's
power, with the exception of Job himself (1:6-12).
In one day, then, Job lost all his material possessions through various
calamities. His sons and daughters, also, were killed when a great
tornado destroyed the house in which they were partying. Though deeply
grieved, Job worships God and does not charge Him with wrong (1:13-22).
When Satan appeared before God again, the Lord asked whether he had
considered how Job had remained faithful despite his losses. Satan
then made another challenge, saying that Job would curse God if he
himself were harmed. God then allowed Satan power over Job, but only
up to the point of actually taking his life. With such power, Satan
strikes Job with painful boils (cf. 2:7-8; 7:5; 30:30) over his entire
body. Job's wife lost what faith she might have had, and told him to
curse God and die. Job, however, refuses to sin with his lips
(2:1-10).
At this point, three of Job's friends (Eliphaz, Bildad, and Zophar)
come to mourn and try to comfort him. However, they are shocked when
they see Job (whom they did not recognize because of the boils), and
sit dumbfounded for seven days and nights without a word in reaction to
the magnitude of his grief (2:11-13).
OUTLINE
I. THE PERSON AND CHARACTER OF JOB (1:1-5)
A. HE LIVED IN THE LAND OF UZ...
1. Somewhere in the East (cf. 1:3)
2. Near a desert (1:19)
3. Likely the land of Edom, SE of the Dead Sea (Jer 25:20-21;
Lam 4:21)
B. A MAN OF REMARKABLE CHARACTER...
1. Blameless and upright
2. Feared God
3. Shunned evil
-- "There is none like him on the earth." (1:8)
C. A MAN GREATLY BLESSED...
1. With a family of seven sons and three daughters
2. With 7000 sheep, 3000 camel, 500 yoke of oxen, 500 female
donkeys
3. With a large household
-- "this man was the greatest of all the people of the East"
D. THE SPIRITUAL LEADER OF HIS FAMILY...
1. His sons liked to "party"
2. Yet Job sought to sanctify them and offer burnt sacrifices
II. SATAN ATTACKS JOB'S CHARACTER (1:6-12)
A. SATAN APPEARS BEFORE GOD...
1. When the "sons of God" (angels?) came before God
2. After Satan had been "going to and fro on the earth" (cf. 1 Pe
5:8)
B. GOD ASKS SATAN ABOUT JOB...
1. "Have you considered my servant Job?"
2. A man of remarkable character
C. SATAN'S ACCUSATION CONCERNING JOB...
1. "Does Job fear God for nothing?"
a. Does Job fear God selflessly?
b. Does he not do it because of what he gets out of it?
1) I.e., Job is simply self-centered
2) By implication, God is not worthy to be praised on His
merits alone
c. Stop blessing Job, and he will curse God!
2. By such a test, Satan seeks to prove:
a. There is no such thing as unselfish piety
b. Men do right only when it is profitable to do so
c. God is not worthy of service on the basis of His nature
alone
-- Therefore Satan is not only accusing Job, but God as well!
D. GOD ACCEPTS THE CHALLENGE...
1. He allows Job to be severely tried, but Satan cannot harm his
person
2. What God is trying to prove:
a. There is such a thing as "noncovetous righteousness"
b. There are people with a true devotion to God Almighty
1) For Who He is
2) Not for what they can get out of it
III. THE FIRST SERIES OF JOB'S MISFORTUNES (1:13-22)
A. JOB'S LOSSES IN ONE DAY...
1. His oxen, donkeys, and their servants to Sabean raiders
2. His sheep and their servants to "fire from God from heaven"
3. His camel and their servants to Chaldean raiders
4. His sons and daughters are killed in a tornado
B. JOB'S REACTION TO THESE LOSSES...
1. He mourns, of course
a. Tears his robe
b. Shaves his head
c. Falls to the ground
2. But then he worships!
a. In grief, he still praises God
b. Even though he considers God as the One who has done all
these things
1) He blesses the name of the Lord
2) He does not charge God with wrong
IV. SATAN ATTACKS JOB'S CHARACTER A SECOND TIME (2:1-6)
A. SATAN APPEARS BEFORE GOD AGAIN...
1. The Lord asked Satan, "Have you considered my servant Job...?"
2. Despite punished without cause, "He still holds fast to his
integrity"
B. SATAN CLAIMS THE TEST HAS NOT BEEN SEVERE ENOUGH...
1. "...touch his bone and his flesh, and he will curse You to
Your face!"
2. God accepts the challenge, allowing Satan to do anything but
take Job's life
V. THE SECOND SERIES OF JOB'S MISFORTUNES (2:7-10)
A. JOB IS AFFLICTED WITH A TERRIBLE DISEASE...
1. Possibilities: elephantiasis, leprosy, or a leukemia of the
skin
2. Characterized by:
a. Boils (2:7)
b. Itching (2:8)
c. Drastic change of appearance (2:12)
d. Worms and running sores (7:5)
e. Corroding bones and gnawing pain (30:17)
f. Blackened skin and fever (30:30)
3. The indication is that this horrible condition continued for
months (7:3; 29:2)
B. JOB'S WIFE LOSES FAITH...
1. She calls upon him to "curse God and die"
2. Several conclusions might be drawn:
a. Job's wife was not of the same spiritual caliber as Job
b. To a degree, she endorsed Satan's accusation that God is
not worthy of service when things are bad
c. She labored under the delusion that death ended it all
3. Job's response to his wife further illustrates his faith in
God
VI. THE ARRIVAL OF JOB'S FRIENDS (2:11-13)
A. ELIPHAZ THE TEMANITE...
1. Perhaps the oldest, certainly the most prominent of the three
2. His name is of Edomite origin
a. One of Esau's sons was named Eliphaz (Gen 36:15)
b. From Teman, a city of Edom, known for its wise men (Jer
49:7; Ob 8,9)
B. BILDAD THE SHUHITE...
1. Not much know about him
2. May have been a descendent of Shuah, son of Abraham and
Keturah, who lived in the "east" (Gen 25:2,6)
C. ZOPHAR THE NAAMATHITE...
1. Little is known of him
2. May have been from Naamah, a city "toward the border of Edom
in the South" (Josh 15:21,41)
D. THEIR ARRIVAL...
1. They came to mourn with him, and to comfort him
2. At first they did not recognize Job
3. So overwhelmed at the sight of Job and his grief...
a. They cried out and tore their robes
b. They sprinkled ashes on their heads
c. They say down and remained speechless for seven days and
nights
REVIEW QUESTIONS FOR THIS SECTION
1) Where did Job live? What country might that have been? (1:1)
- Uz; the land of Edom
2) How is Job described regarding his character? (1:1)
- Blameless and upright, one who feared God and shunned evil
3) How many children did he have? (1:2)
- Seven sons and three daughters
4) What were his possessions? (1:3)
- 7000 sheep, 3000 camels, 500 yoke of oxen, 500 female donkeys, a
very large household
5) What did Job do whenever his sons would throw a party? (1:4-5)
- Sanctify them and offer burnt offerings
6) What was Satan's accusation to God concerning Job? (1:9)
- Does Job fear God for nothing?
7) What was Satan's initial challenge to God concerning Job? (1:11)
- Destroy what Job has, and he will curse God to His face
8) What did God allow Satan to do? (1:12)
- Destroy all that Job had, but not lay a hand on his person
9) What did Job lose in one day? (1:13-19)
- All his possessions, and his sons and daughters
10) What was Job's reaction to this great lose? (1:20-21)
- Tore his robe, shaved his head, fell to the ground and worshipped
God
- "Naked came I from my mother's womb, and naked shall I return
there. The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away; Blessed be the
name of the Lord."
11) What was Satan's second challenge to God concerning Job? (2:5)
- Touch his bone and flesh, and Job will curse God to His face
12) What did God allow Satan to do? (2:6)
- Whatever he wanted, up to the point of killing Job
13) With what did Satan afflict Job? (2:7)
- Painful boils from head to toe
14) What did Job's wife want him to do? (2:9)
- To curse God and die
15) What did Job ask his wife? (2:10)
- "Shall we indeed accept good from God, and shall we not accept
adversity?"
16) What three friends came to mourn with him, and to comfort him?
(2:11)
- Eliphaz the Temanite
- Bildad the Shuhite
- Zophar the Naamathite
17) How did they react when they saw Job? (2:12-13)
- Lifted their voices and wept, tore their robes, sprinkled dust on
their heads
- Sat with him speechless for seven days and nights
18) What summary statements are made of Job in response to his
suffering? (1:22; 2:10)
- In all this Job did not sin nor charge God with wrong
- In all this Job did not sin with his lips