"THE BOOK OF ACTS"
Herod's Harassment Of The Church (12:1-25)
INTRODUCTION
1. We have seen that with Saul's conversion the persecution against the
church diminished...
a. The churches in Judea, Samaria, and Galilee had peace - Ac 9:31
b. The gospel had spread as far as Antioch in Syria - Ac 11:19-21
2. But then a new persecution arose against the church in Jerusalem...
a. Initiated by Herod Agrippa I - Ac 12:1
b. His grandfather was Herod the Great, who massacred the babies - Mt 2:16
c. His uncle was Herod Antipas, who beheaded John, and tried Jesus
- Mt 14:1-14; Lk 23:8-12
d. His son was Herod Agrippa II, who tried the apostle Paul - Ac 25:13-26:32
[Thus it was Herod Agrippa I who harassed the church in Jerusalem at
this time. How God and the church responded to his harassment is
instructive, so let's begin with how...]
I. HEROD KILLS JAMES
A. JAMES, BROTHER OF JOHN...
1. Son of Zebedee, one of Jesus' first disciples - Mk 1:19-20
2. Together with John his brother were called "Sons of Thunder"
- Mk 3:17
3. Part of the inner circle of Jesus' closest disciples - cf. Mk 5:37; 9:2; 13:3; 14:33
B. THE FIRST APOSTLE TO DIE...
1. Not counting Judas Iscariot, who died before the church began
2. Jesus foretold James would suffer (the cup and baptism of
suffering) - Mk 10:35-40
3. And so Herod killed James with the sword (i.e., beheaded him)
- Ac 12:2
4. Note: James the apostle was not replaced after his death, nor
is there any indication in the Scriptures that other apostles
were replaced when they died (excluding Judas Iscariot)
[Herod's harassment against the church by killing James pleased the
unbelieving Jews (Ac 12:3). The most liked by the Jews of any of the
Herods (cf. Josephus), to further incur their favor...]
II. HEROD IMPRISONS PETER
A. IMPRISONED BY A KING...
1. Herod arrested Peter during the Days of Unleavened Bread, his
trial delayed - Ac 12:3-4
2. Peter was therefore imprisoned, guarded by four squads of
soldiers - Ac 12:4
B. RELEASED BY AN ANGEL...
1. In the meantime, the church responded with constant (fervent)
prayer - Ac 12:5
2. Peter was bound by chains between two soldiers, with guards
before the door - Ac 12:6
3. An angel appeared, freed Peter, and led him out of the prison
- Ac 12:7-10
4. Peter realized it was real, not a vision, that the Lord
delivered him - Ac 12:11
5. He goes to the house of Mary, mother of John Mark, where many
were praying - Ac 12:12
6. His arrival led to denial, then astonishment, but Peter
explained it all - Ac 12:13-17
7. He gave instructions to inform James (the Lord's brother) and
then left - Ac 12:17
[For some reason, the Lord saw fit to allow James to die while Peter
lived. Peter would later die for Christ as well (as would most of the
apostles). As for Herod, God was not done with him yet...]
III. HEROD STRUCK BY AN ANGEL
A. EXALTED BY MAN...
1. Angered by Peter's escape, Herod executes the guards - Ac 12:18-19
2. Leaving Judea, Herod goes to Caesarea (seat of the Roman
government) - Ac 12:19
3. The people of Tyre and Sidon appeal to him via their friend
Blastus, his aide - Ac 12:20
4. Giving an oration, the people praise Herod as having the voice
of a god - Ac 12:21-22
B. HUMBLED BY GOD...
1. Failing to give glory to God, Herod is immediately struck by an
angel - Ac 12:23
2. Luke (a physician) tells us he was eaten by worms and died - Ac 12:23
3. Josephus says that a severe pain arose in his belly and became
so violent that he was carried into his palace where he died
five days later
4. Dr. A. Rendle Short, who was professor of surgery at Bristol
University and wrote a book entitled The Bible and Modern
Medicine, stated that a great many people in Asia 'harbor
intestinal worms', which can form a tight ball and cause 'acute
intestinal obstruction'. This may have been the cause of Herod's
death. - Stott, J. R. W. (1994). The message of Acts: The
Spirit, the church & the world. The Bible Speaks Today.
Leicester, England; Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.
CONCLUSION
1. With the death of Herod and the end of his harassment against the
church...
a. "...the word of God grew and multiplied" - Ac 12:24
b. Paul and Silas would later be able to complete their ministry and
return to Antioch with John Mark - Ac 12:25
2. From this account of "Herod's Harassment Of The Church" we learn...
a. How the church is to react against persecution: pray! - e.g., Ac 12:5,12; cf. Ac 4:23-31
b. How God is able to humble governmental authorities who resist Him
- cf. Rev 17:14
Whether it be through Divine intervention or Divine providence, Jesus as
King of kings and Lord of lords is in ultimate control (cf. Ro 13:1-4).
As His disciples we must trust Him, even if in His wisdom it means that
some might be martyrs while others go free...
