"STUDIES IN THE MINOR PROPHETS" Zechariah - I Am Zealous For Zion (9:1-11:17) INTRODUCTION 1. The last six chapters of the book of Zechariah contain two "burdens" (i.e., weighty words of judgment)... a. The "burden" against Israel's enemies - cf. Zech 9:1-2 b. The "burden" against Israel herself - Zech 12:1 2. There is a sharp contrast between these chapters and the first eight... a. Prompting some to suggest they may have been written by a different author b. While others (myself included) believe they were written much later in the life of Zechariah 3. Though the temple was completed by this time, and Zechariah's initial work a success... a. His work as a prophet was not over b. Through him the Lord has much to say about the future of Israel, with glimpses concerning the coming Messiah (Jesus) [In this lesson, we shall survey the first "burden", which contains words of judgment against Israel's longtime enemies, while offering words of hope to Israel herself...] I. JUDGMENT AGAINST ISRAEL'S ENEMIES A. AGAINST SYRIA... 1. Against its leading cities: Damascus, Tyre, Sidon - Zech 9: 1-2 2. Despite her strength and wealth, the Lord will bring destruction - Zech 9:3-4 -- Many commentators point to the conquests of Alexander the Great as the fulfillment of this prophecy (ca. 333 B.C.) B. AGAINST PHILISTIA... 1. Her cities (Gaza, Ekron, Ashkelon) will be dismayed - Zech 9:5 2. Strangers will abide there; those that remain will be for God - Zech 9:6-7 3. In contrast, God will protect His house, or Israel - Zech 9:8 -- Alexander the Great did not destroy Jerusalem as he made his way through Palestine (cf. Josephus, Antiquities Of The Jews) [Verse 8 might actually belong to what follows. If so, then it begins what appears to be designed to provide comfort to Israel concerning her future...] II. ISRAEL'S HOPE FOR THE FUTURE A. HER KING IS COMING... 1. The promise of the King - Zech 9:9a 2. The character of the King - Zech 9:9b 3. The nature of His kingdom - Zech 9:10 a. A peaceful kingdom b. A universal reign -- That Jesus fulfilled this passage is taught in the New Testament! - Mt 21:1-7; 28:18; Ep 1:22; 2:14-17 B. GOD WILL SAVE HIS PEOPLE... 1. Her prisoners will be delivered, even from her enemies like Greece - Zech 9:11-13 2. The Lord lead them to victory and glory - Zech 9:14-17 -- The fulfillment of this passage may be figurative, alluding to the spiritual victory we have in Christ (cf. Lk 4:16-21); some, however, believe Zechariah is returning to the theme of Israel overcoming the Greeks in the time of Alexander C. ISRAEL WILL BE RESTORED... 1. The people are encouraged to seek blessings from the Lord, not idols - Zech 10:1-2 2. The Lord will provide proper shepherds - Zech 10:3-5 a. The old leaders removed b. New leaders raised up to lead them to victory 3. Both Judah and Joseph (Ephraim) will be redeemed and restored - Zech 10:6-8 4. Though sown among the nations, they shall remember and return - Zech 10:9-11 5. Strengthened in the Lord, they shall walk in His name - Zech 10:12 -- While speaking in terms that may have been meaningful to the Israelites of that day, this section may also have its fulfillment in the work of Christ through the gospel D. BUT NOT WITHOUT JUDGMENT... 1. With great imagery, coming judgment is described - Zech 11:1-3 a. Coming by way of the north (Lebanon) b. In which the shepherds in particular wail for their loss 2. Zechariah is told to feed a flock destined for slaughter - Zech 11:4-6 a. Whose owners and shepherds do not pity them b. For a time is coming when the Lord would not pity His flock 3. Zechariah does so, but not for long - Zech 11:7-14 a. He starts by making two staffs, one called "Beauty", the other "Bonds" b. He feeds the flock, but not without opposition from the other shepherds c. He gives up on the flock, breaking his staffs 1) The breaking of "Beauty" symbolizing the breaking of the covenant 2) He is paid 30 pieces of silver, and is told to throw it to the potter 3) Then he breaks "Bonds" which symbolizes the break of the brotherhood between Judah and Israel 4. Zechariah is then told to take the implements of a foolish shepherd - Zech 11:15-17 a. For the Lord will one day raise up a foolish shepherd b. One who will not care for the flock, upon whom judgment will come 5. What is this chapter about? a. Many see in it the destruction that befell Israel and Jerusalem by the hands of the Romans in A.D. 70 b. Because Israel's shepherds (leaders) rejected its Good Shepherd for which they paid a paltry 30 pieces of silver (cf. Mt 27:1-10), they were rejected by God CONCLUSION 1. The last six chapters of Zechariah have been described as some of the most difficult in the Bible... a. The difficulty lies in discerning the true fulfillment of these prophecies b. Not only their initial fulfillment, but whether a double fulfillment was intended as well -- Even the apostles were unable to fully discern Old Testament prophecy without the Lord's help - cf. Lk 24:44-47 2. As with all Old Testament prophecy, I recommend the following... a. Where the inspired writers of the NT have provided inspired interpretation, we should certainly hold to what they wrote b. But on those prophecies of the OT where NT writers have not commented, we should be very cautious: 1) We can offer our understanding as to what they pertain 2) But we should abstain from developing doctrines or practices based upon our uninspired interpretations of such prophecy 3. Indeed, if the Lord had wanted us to know... a. I am persuaded the New Testament would have made it known b. Just as it did the "mystery" of the gospel - cf. Ro 16:25-26; Ep 3:3-5 Part of that "mystery" that had been hidden so long was contained in these very words of Zechariah: "Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King is coming to you; He is just and having salvation, Lowly and riding on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey. (Zech 9:9) And again... Then I said to them, "If it is agreeable to you, give me my wages; and if not, refrain." So they weighed out for my wages thirty pieces of silver. And the LORD said to me, "Throw it to the potter"; that princely price they set on me. So I took the thirty pieces of silver and threw them into the house of the LORD for the potter. (Zech 11:12-13) Yes, the mystery concerning One who was coming to be their King. He has come, but some rejected Him for 30 pieces of silver (cf. Mt 27:1-10)! Have you rejected Jesus from being your King, for what is a paltry sum in comparison to the blessings He provides? - cf. Ac 2:36-38
